Research progress on posterior capsular opacification in patients with trifocal intraocular lenses

Abstract

Trifocal intraocular lenses (TF-IOLs) are a relatively new technology and are considered an advanced lens type. They are typically more expensive than other types of intraocular lenses. TF-IOLs, able to correct distance, intermediate, and near vision across the entire visual range, have emerged as a pivotal option in refractive lens exchange procedures. However, postoperative posterior capsular opacification (PCO) often degrades visual quality, presenting greater clinical complexity with TF-IOLs than with monofocal IOLs. This review systematically synthesizes the latest translational research advances in TF-IOL-associated PCO, focusing on three key dimensions: pathogenic characteristics, clinical diagnosis and assessment, and prevention and treatment strategies. The aim is to provide a comprehensive reference for diagnosing and managing TF-IOL-related PCO.